Manufactures car alarms Essay

Costs: Materials: direct, variable1,600 Labour: direct, variable960 Labour: indirect, fixed280 Other production overheads: variable400 Other production overheads: fixed640 Selling overheads: variable480 Selling overheads: fixed360 Distribution overheads: variable280 Distribution overheads: fixed120 Administration overheads: fixed600 (5,720) Net profit for the year1,480 Anhad is planning next year’s activity and its forecasts for the year ended 31 October 2014 are as follows: 1.A reduction in selling price per car alarm to RM8 per alarm is expected to increase sales volume by 50%. 2.Materials costs per unit will remain unchanged, but 5% quantity discount will be obtained. 3.Hourly direct wage rates will increase by 10%, but labour efficiency will be unchanged. 4.Variable selling overheads will increase in total in line with the increase in sales revenue. 5.Variable production and distribution overheads will increase in line with the 50% increase in sales volume. 6.All fixed costs will increase by 25%. You are required to do the following: a)Prepare a budgeted profit statement for the year to 31 October 2014 showing total sales and marginal costs for the year and also contribution and net profit per unit. b)Calculate the break-even point for the two years and explain why the  break-even point has changed. Comment on the margin of safety in both years. c)Calculate the sales volume required (using the new selling price) to achieve the same profit in 2014 and in 2013. d)A director comments that ‘with these figures, all we have to do to work out our budgeted profit is to multiply the net profit per unit by the units we want to sell†. Why is this statement incorrect? Satnam Berhad is considering diversifying their business activities and they are currently reviewing two proposals. Proposal A is to launch their own television station whilst Proposal B is a joint venture with Kaboor Limited to launch a satellite that would enable the African region to receive advertisements for both company’s products. The available data is follows: Proposal A – TV Station Initial set-up costs: RM250 million Annual running costs: RM100 million Estimated life of project: 5 years Value of assets released at the end of the project: RM40 million Increased sales as a result of advertising products: RM60 million in the first year, growing cumulatively by 50% each year for the following four years. Project B – Satellite Initial set-up costs: RM700 million Annual running costs: RM50 million Value of assets released at the end of the project: RM10 million (Note: all the above to be shared 50/50 with Kaboor Limited) Estimated life of the project is 6 years. Increased sales for Satnam Berhad as a result of advertising their products in the African continent: RM80 million in the first year, growing cumulatively by 20% each year for the following five years. Funding for both projects would be at a cost of capital of 6%. Relevant discount factors at 6% p.a. are: Year Cumulative 10.9430.943 20.8901.833 30.8402.673 40.7923.465 50.7474.212 60.7054.917 Required: a)Using the net present value method of investment appraisal, critically evaluate the two proposals and make your recommendation to Satnam Berhad. b)What other considerations should Satnam Berhad take into account in deciding which Project to pursue?

Jacqueline Kennedy

All throughout the history of mankind, through the generations, decades, centuries, and millenniums, humans have shared one quality despite the rapid change and obvious differences between us all. We have always been capable of speech. Of course, this expression has evolved over time and originated as simple indications of emotion.However, has evolved into one of the most important functions of the human body, providing not only communication amongst other people, but an essential factor in creating a character, and one of the only factors separating man rom any other living organism. Though voice is so essential to life, women only obtained complete freedom of speech and expression of opinion in the last century. Women had the same capabilities and ideas as men, however were unjust to use their voice and share them. A key part of the evolution of women's expression was one of America's own women, Jacqueline Kennedy.Jackie was the wife of a well- known American president, and played a key role in his presidency by restoring the white house, establishing fame and recognition, and being a legend for American omanhood.. She was one of the only first ladies to leave such a mark on the country, and continues to be one of America's most memorable and important woman fgureheads OFK Museum). Jacqueline, originally born into the Bouvier family on July 28, 1989, was an inspiration from the day she was introduced to the world. She grew up in a wealthy home and was always encouraged to use her talents of art and creativity throughout her childhood.She was raised feeling important, and always knew she was destined to make a change in the world (Taylor 27). However, hen her parents got divorced when she was only ten, she began to keep her thoughts to herself due to her extreme pain (nettrekker. com). She then attended a boarding school throughout her primary school years, and later graduated from Washington University in 1951, dedicated to start a life as a reporter (Cardi). Little did she know that Just two years later, she would be married to a senator and begin a journey to becoming one of America's youngest and most remembered first ladies.Jackie began her Journey to fame once John F. Kennedy was running for president, ut all women's eyes were on his beautiful wife. Housewives and mothers began to see Jackie as their leader, and loved how easily they could relate to her feelings and thoughts, helping their presidential vote in JFK's favor. This helped lead John Kennedy to win the election and become president with Jacqueline on his side. Jackie's young and creative mind quickly went to work once moved into the White House, and she was determined to make her mark in her time as first lady.She began this by starting a benefit to modernize and restore the White House atmosphere as ell as promote the arts (Spoto 124). This created a lot of fans and positive publicity, and added to her popularity with young women striving for hope. She spoke out to Clif ford said, â€Å"Once in a great while, an individual will capture the imagination of people all over the world. You have done this; and more important, through your graciousness and tact, you have transformed this rare accomplishment to an incredibly important asset to this nation. † (nettrekker. com).She became an American icon and was commonly referred to as â€Å"America's Queen†, which was ironic for the ime because women had only recently begun to be fully respected and set equal to men and she was the face of it. Jacqueline can easily be compared to another hero of his time, Odysseus. This is because they were both seen as famous and respected individuals in their community, and used this power to make their voice important to the common civilian. They were both deadest on a goal or result of their Journey, and used their intelligence and bravery to make it possible.It was then that their efforts were recognized and their fame became even greater. Though Odysseu s pursued an ctual quest to reaping his reward, Jackie hypothetically took a large quest as well. She overcame her stereotype of being the unnoticed president's wife, and made a huge impact on the voice of women in the end. The two both used their voice in an similarly impactful way. Jacqueline Kennedy definitely made her mark on the world. With her pride of American Women, passion for creativity, and young flair, she spoke out to women of her time. She has become one of the most remembered women in the white house and respected women of all time.She gave hope and guidance to the average ousewife, and became an icon to the world. Jackie used her voice in a unique way and her voice is important.

Tells us about a time when you took a risk, including what the risk Essay

Tells us about a time when you took a risk, including what the risk was, what happened, and how the experience change you - ( 400 to 600 Words) - Essay Example This implies that the incoming manager had to be equipped with exemplary skills in restaurant management. Mr, Smith, knew me personally. Furthermore, he knew my future ambition of becoming an entrepreneur. Having been raised in Brazil, he felt my experience from a foreign country would enrich the business through integrating new ideas with the traditional English culture. After thorough scrutiny, Mr. Smith decided I was best suited to take up this risky opportunity. At first, I thought I was not up to the task but then I decided to take up the risk after realizing it was the only way I would gain experience. Thoughts of what a disappointment I would be if I did not deliver or if the business failed to flourish kept crossing my mind. Despite this, I did not give up. Since most of my life I had lived in Brazil, I was not proficient in the English language. This situation made the assignment even more challenging considering the business was in an English setting. I had the task of proving to myself as well as to others that being a foreigner was not an impediment to success. I had no substantial knowledge of the English culture and how to prepare English food. As result, I decided to dedicate my fist day to work on making myself acquainted with these aspects. I also came up with a concept on how to deliver the best services and the kind of foods that would be more appealing. Nonetheless, I developed some marketing strategies that I would incorporate into the business so as to increase sales and achieve set goals. Not to forget how I would train those under my supervision. I decided I would be dedicated to my new job through hard work and commitment. Applying these concepts made the business a success. In a couple of months, the flow of customers had increased. The trend continued as more people brought their friends and families to the traditional English restaurant due to the good services they were receiving. More traffic was

Pendulum and Spring Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Pendulum and Spring - Lab Report Example The motion moves up and down between two extremes. The maximum displacement is called the amplitude. When a spring is hanging vertically with no mass, it has a given length. When the mass was added the length changed. Every spring also has a spring constant. The periodic time also reduces as the as the length of the rod of the pendulum was reduced. This exactly shows how the length of the rod varies directly with periodic time. The periodic time also reduces as the mass was being added on the rod. There were some errors that occurred when carrying out the experiment, this lead to the inaccuracy of the various values and graphs drawn. The pendulum may not have been mounted in the same position as the gravity; it may not be pointing directly to the center of the earth. The pendulum surface may also not be aero-dynamic to avoid lift and drag by air. Mistakes could also be from measuring the length of the pendulum causing inaccurate

Role of domestic concerns in us withdrawal from vietnam Essay

Role of domestic concerns in us withdrawal from vietnam - Essay Example After analyzing these questions, we can finally land on our ultimate target that was to investigate the extent to which the domestic concerns played their part in the withdrawal of the United States of America. As rightly quoted by Jose Padilla, war is not really something at the sole discretion of the president, rather it is the public power that should ultimately shape the foreign policy of a nation, or more precisely, the fate and destiny of the nation. This thought truly reflects in the US Vietnam war. This war proved that it's the public, the common man of the nation, who will decide the foreign policy of the nation. The history recorded that the people protesting on the roads of New York or the colleges of Ohio forced the think tanks at Pentagon and Whitehouse to change their policy and finally withdraw from the tiresome and simply lost battle of Vietnam, that proved to be the graveyard for the human and the monetary resources of American nation. Almost all the historians do agree to the fact that domestic concerns forced the US Think Tank to finally decide to withdraw from the battle at Vietnam. However, the perception of the extent to which the internal factors played their role in that historical decision is different for different historians. Furthermore, the recorded evidences also tell that the ratio of favour for the war also differed from time to time, even during the war period and age group to age group as well. 2 The Vietnam War, which lasted in 1975 is also known as Indochina war, the American war in Vietnam and the Vietnam Conflict. Why did the United States of America tried to involve in the Vietnam If looked from a narrow perspective, it seems that this was just a conflict between the communist and the non-communist factions of the Vietnamese nation. However, when we take into account the entire global scenario at that time, especially that of post-world war and cold war, we tend to realize that it was not an ordinary civil war, rather a contest between the two opposing super powers of the time, both the powers claiming to be the super power but propagating entirely different ideologies of economics, religion and state governance. Thus it was a war between the communism and the socialism, the United States of America, along with its capitalist allies and the South Vietnam on one side and the Soviet Union, its allies, the People's Republic of China, and North Vietnam on the other. Thus, withdrawing from war does not only mean the inability to handle some civil war, had it been the case, United States of America would have left the battle far earlier than it did, but this withdra wal would probably have been seen by the United States of America's policy makers as the surrender to the communist alliance. This may well be attributed to the reluctance of the United States' think tank to withdraw at an earlier stage. What approach for the involvement was there in the mind of the military and political leadership of the United States of America Since this was not too long that the Second World War had ended, those American and other nations, who had witnessed the disastrous effects of war were still alive. Any war in any part of the world is thus supposed to get a furious reaction of the public. Specially when it comes to the war in United States of

Popeyes Singapore Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Popeyes Singapore - Case Study Example This just cost me eight dollars. I was so impressed by the chicken since it was huge, deep fried and well marinated. This is the best service one would ever get. One important thing noted is concerning the service; it seems to be a little slow since it took me time before our turn for placing my order and waiting for it to be served. May be that is an area they can work on. I however understand since it was very crowded, and the waiters do not seem to be many. I really enjoyed my meal, and that will be a place I can recommend to a friend for the best Popeyes in Singapore. The Popeyes menu items have a special flair of southern style preparation and have a unique cooking style. Various items in the menu include bonafide chicken, tenders, seafood, sandwiches and wraps, live well, family and kid’s meals,signature sides, signature sauces, desserts and beverages. The positioning of the shop is strategic, and that is why it attracts so many customers. It is the best place to get any of the items listed above, and I guarantee you will not be disappointed by the service. It is evident that Ang Mo Kio shop offers good services since the place gets crowded in demand for the foods. I think the management should think about expanding the shop more and bringing in more labor force to ensure that services are effective and

NSPCC is a charity organization aimed to protect children from abuse Essay

NSPCC is a charity organization aimed to protect children from abuse and family violence - Essay Example A charity like NSPCC operates in a complex environment influenced by political and social difficulties, family relations and laws. The vulnerability of the charity like NSPCC is determined by its degree of dependency on a resource and the external sources of this resource (i.e., the greater the dependency, the higher the potential for loss of autonomy). NSPCC depends upon resources and philanthropy (NSPCC Home Page 2008). 7 Ps model can be applied to NSPCC and its activities. The main Ps are product, price, promotion and place. Strong position of a charity organization is based on brand loyalty and high quality of service range. The likely decision process of the target market is the quality and unique taste that appeals to the consumers' minds with offerings. Product positioning is characterized by establishing trustworthiness, confidence, and competence for customers. NSPCC establishes trustworthiness and unique image as a children's rights organization (McDonald and Christopher 23). This strategy is supported by the "buying process" and the pricing, and as the most important high quality of all services. Pricing decisions influence the organization forcing it to find new ways to reduce costs. NSPCC can use flexible cost-plus pricing to ensure that its services are competitive in the context of the particular market environment. NSPCC has to spend its own resources in order to meet the requirements focusing on technological efforts, security and support. NSPCC opens new officers and involves different social institutions in order to meet needs and demands of the target audience. As a typical marketing company, NSPCC promotes its activities and policies including public relations and advertising campaigns. Modern marketing is customer-oriented, so a charity organization like NSPCC depends upon physical layout, customer service and processes concerning customer service. Unique services help NSPCC to sustain its market position and develop strategies according to current needs and demands of the target audience. Given the increasing turbulence and complexity of the market place, and the rapid pace and impact of technological change, the need for a disciplined, systematic approach to the market has never been greater. Customer service and processes involve call centers and support, people's centers and live chats, etc. Physical layout involves attention to learning environments a nd attractive layout of agencies, etc. in sum, these features show that NSPCC follows marketing principle of a traditional business applying them to unique environment and purposes (McDonald and Christopher 29). The location of the customer is not strictly physical, though. In many if not most instances of service-giving, location is preponderantly psychological. Even physical location is likely to be chosen for its psychological "image" association or its easy exploitation of well-established customer habit. Successful service is always as much an entertainment

King and the Letter Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

King and the Letter - Essay Example Another metaphoric statement in the letter was when King stated, â€Å"In those days the church was not merely a thermometer†¦it was the thermostat that transformed the mores of society (8).† A thermometer is the instrument used to measure temperature. However, instead of being an instrument, the church became a thermostat that further heats up the whole scenario. Instead of putting water to turn out the fire, the religious sect even put up the heat to intense more the emotions and beliefs that the blacks are not as good as whites. Though at times there are people who have a different perception towards race, the clergymen themselves are advocates of racism and make their followers believe that those who would go against the beliefs and teachings of the church are going against the will of God. When the church goes forth with their racist belief, its follower should also do the same. The third metaphoric statement stated by King in his letter was â€Å"†¦have broken loose from the paralyzing chains of conformity and joined us as active partners in the struggle of freedom (8).† Though faced with criticisms and other issues, there are groups of people who have opened up their hearts and mind towards the difference of race. Even if the society or the religious sect are still being conservative towards this matter, as time goes by people are starting to understand that man is man and should be treated humanely regardless of the color of his skin. Humans may be created differently but they were all created equally.

Character, Dignity, and Self-Respect Essay Example for Free

Character, Dignity, and Self-Respect Essay This paper will summarize the movie Glory and relate one or two characters to Aristotle, Epictetus, and Saint Augustine on character, dignity, and self-respect. Alina Campbell This paper will summarize the movie Glory and relate one or two characters to Aristotle, Epictetus, and Saint Augustine on character, dignity, and self-respect. The movie Glory is based on a true story about the Commander of the 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry which was the first black regiment to be listed in the service of the United States. It is based on the letters by Col. Robert Shaw. Col. Shaw felt he was involved in something that he was not completely sure about, considering he had previously lost a lot of soldiers to battle. He was now faced with survivor’s guilt which he knew would heal in time. Shaw later became a mighty leader that lead the black regiment to take on the battle in Fort Wagner. Aristotle Character is mental and moral qualities distinctive to an individual. Aristotle believed character to be neither a feeling or a capacity or a mere tendency to act in certain ways (Sommers amp; Sommers, 2010). He believed instead that character was a settled condition we are in when we are well off in relation to our feelings and our actions. The virtues of character are dispositions to act in a certain way in response to similar situations. Good conduct arises from habits that in turn can only be acquired by repeated action and correction. Col. Robert Gould Shaw fits Aristotle’s view of Character best in my opinion. He was not only the commander of the 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, their voice. The black men that fought with Shaw were slaves that wanted to fight for their freedom. When Shaw was told of the United States Government planning to form this regiment of black soldiers he agreed to take the Commanding position. He then asked his best friend Major Cabot Forbes to fight along with him and Forbes accepted. At one point Shaw fights for these men to get the proper uniform and boots. He also refuses pay along with them after finding out that they are paid less than the white soldiers. Both Shaw and Forbes strongly connected with this group of men: the angry Private Trip (Denzel Washington); Private Jupiter Sharts (Jhine Kennedy); Corporal Thomas Searles (Andre Braugher), a very smart and educated man that grew up with Shaw and worked for Shaw’s father, and Sgt. Maj. John Rawlins (Morgan Freeman), a runaway slave who speaks with the voice of wisdom and reason. Dignity is the state of quality of being worthy of honor or respect. Aristotle’s view on dignity consists of the consciousness that we deserve honors, not in processing them. You cannot earn dignity through external awards; instead it is something you bestow upon yourself. â€Å"Dignity consists not in possessing recognition from others, but in consciousness that we deserve recognition from others† (Sommers amp;Sommers, 2010). The character played by Morgan Freeman, Rawlings, knew that being a slave was not worth much, so he decided to help Shaw fight the battle at Fort Wagner. Forbes also displayed dignity in the movie. Forbes was Col. Shaw’s best friend and is who told Col. Shaw of this regiment. Due to the type of relationship the two had, Col. Shaw asked Forbes to come along with him to prepare the black slaves. Forbes agreed and stood by Col. Shaw and these black men through the name calling, getting the proper shoes, and receiving their uniforms like the white soldiers had while fighting in the Civil War. Aristotle describes the position of character, dignity and self- respect as character being a state concern with choice, lying in a mean relative to us, that this is determined by reason and in such a way that a man of wisdom would determine it. It is a mean between two vices that depends on excess that depends on defect (Sommers amp; Sommers, 2010) Aristotle feels neither a feeling nor a capacity nor a tendency to behave in specific ways. It is the settled condition we are in when we are well off in a relation to our feelings and actions when we are in a mean or intermediate state in regard to them. Meaning we have a vicious character that we are badly off in relation to feeling and actions, and we fail the means in regards to them. The character that I felt showed this type of role would be Denzel and Andre’s characters, known as Trip and Thomas. Trip was a runaway slave that was very angry. He didn’t have anybody and had been previously beaten several times. Trip had specific thoughts of the white man and they were that the slaves were seen as monkeys. He thought that the slaves should be dressed up in uniform and fight, since the white men would only get themselves killed and wouldn’t be able to win. Andre Braugher played Thomas. He was an educated man that had worked for Col. Shaw’s father. He believed that black men should know how to read and have pride within themselves. In the movie Glory, Thomas had learned to take a lot. Thomas assumed that since he and Col. Shaw were close friends that he would be treated a bit differently, but to his surprise, he was called out by his best friend to train a lot faster than he was and then yelled at. Thomas learned much at the end of the movie, including self-respect. Thomas had been shot in a previous battle and he asked Col. Shaw to promise that he wouldn’t send him back, which Shaw didn’t allow Thomas to continue in battle. Later in the movie, Col. Shaw asks who would be willing to standin the place of the flagman, should something happen, and Thomas stated that he would and did. Epictetus Epictetus held the Orthodox Stoic view that everything in the universe is directed by divine will. Epictetus was different from the early stoics in that he believed happiness was found in maintaining one’s moral character as opposed to striving for moral excellence. He emphasized self-knowledge and keeping one’s moral character in order as the way to achieve a happy life. Epictetus warned his students to expect persecution since their actions and attitudes would be different from those around them. He encouraged them to view life as an athletic challenge, a festival or a short military service, where success would come from a combination of correct choices and skill. Epictetus believed that â€Å"grief was the most offensive emotion; he considered the suffering of grief as an act of evil. It was a willful act, going against the will of God to have all men share happiness† (Stockdale, 1995). Col. Robert Shaw, through his personal growth and internal realizations fulfilled his leadership duties on the battlefield, as well as beyond. He chose to take the beliefs he had from his life prior to war to another level. Shaw struggled with the question of equality among the races yet he recognized the character and desires of the Black Americans and chose to act on their behalf as well as the Unions. Shaw felt that his soldiers, regardless of color, deserved respect just as much as the white soldiers. Shaw was willing to not take pay to make a point that his soldiers deserved the same pay as their fellow white soldiers. He stuck his neck out to make sure they received the proper gear in order to fight. Shaw had finally decided to not let the grief from the prior battle to control him, he chose to help in the happiness of the slaves and continue to fight for their freedom. Saint Augustine Augustine’s approach was not just brilliant, it was practical. His insight is intellectually credible and emotionally satisfying in that it gives hope and offers meaning to the Christian trying to make sense out of life in a fallen world (Sommers amp; Sommers, 2010). To Augustine, anything that had being was good. Good as the ground of being was perfectly good, along with everything he brought into being. This goodness was a property that came in varying degrees. The obstacles that Col. Robert Gould Shaw had to overcome is the fact that he failed in battle another time. He had to pick himself back up, and he then led the black regiment in the Civil War and was refused to let these black soldiers be treated with any less respect than the white soldiers. Another hardship that Col. Shaw and his black soldiers had to endure was the fact they were getting under paid, they were not given the proper shoes to march in, and the fact they were not given the proper uniforms like the other soldiers. Col. Shaw had shown a life of character, dignity and self- respect by being the honorable Commander that he was. Col. Shaw never let others views get in the way of his personal view of his soldiers. Col. Shaw had self- respect even though he had been defeated, prior to leading the 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry soldiers with dignity and never gave up on them.  He was a man that believed in faith and that the black soldiers were no different than any others.

Theory assessment Essay Example for Free

Theory assessment Essay As a trainer, teacher and assessor my roles are many and varied. As part of my day to day work I may not only deliver lessons but also carry out theory assessments, practical assessments and sometimes interviews. I may have to motivate and liaise as well as guide and assess. I will have to keep records and be a subject specialist as well as liaise internally and impart information and advice sometimes on a personal level. The first impact I play regarding my role is either interviewing possible candidates or meeting and greeting them on the first day of their course. Meeting potential apprentices/apprentices on their first day induction requires me to make a good first impression and aim to create a degree of respect and professionalism from the onset. Geoff Petty says in his book. â€Å"When you go for an interview you put your best clothes on. Employers are affected by first impressions, but so are you as a teacher. We do this because we want to know how to behave towards a person and how we can expect them to behave towards us. It would of course be fairer to suspend judgement, but few of us manage this in practise†. (Petty G 2009) It has been proven (Petty G: 2009) that students’ that don’t look interested in studies or that have a â€Å"don’t care attitude† are more likely to do worse on their course that those that appear bright and willing to learn. This is partly due to our â€Å"first impressions† leading to the student being taught differently even though this may be subconscious. This is when it is important in your role as teacher to be the needs identifier and try to teach to the needs of the students’ as individuals and not to teach to the needs of the class as a whole when designing the learning and implementing it. Every student is an individual that has their own preferred learning styles one of the most common and widely used categorizations of the various types of learning styles is Fleming’s VARK model (sometimes VAK) consisting of visual learners, auditory learners, kinaesthetic learners or tactile learners. Flemming claimed that visual learners have a preference for seeing (think in picture; visual aids such as overhead slides, diagrams, hand-outs, etc. ). Auditory learner’s best learn through listening. Tactile/kinaesthetic learners prefer to learn via experience, moving, touching and doing (active exploration of the world; science projects; experiments, etc. ) Its use in pedagogy allows teachers to prepare classes that address each of these areas. Students can also use the model to identify their preferred learning style and maximize their educational experience by focusing on what benefits them most(Wikipedia. org/learning styles). During my lessons I always try to give students a mixture of learning styles so overall the lessons are more varied. I find this keeps the levels of interest much higher and it caters for the group as a whole, this way each student gets to learn at some point in their preferred learning style, this helps me confirm that they have knowledge and understanding from classroom based auditory and visual learning and that they can demonstrate through practical assessments that they have the skills and ability to perform tasks to a standard which can be deemed competent. I insist my students must understand how, when, where and why they should perform tasks. By giving students as much information as possible I believe this empowers the individual and gives them more incentive for learning. As a railway trainer assessor it is my responsibility to ensure support and guidance is available to help support students with various needs and personal issues, any apprentices who report a problem to me it is my duty to speak to the respective students and help deal with their learner needs, if it is anything regarding personal issues it is then my job to involve the appropriate person that deals with those issues, from the designated safe guarding officer to councillors within the affiliated colleges, chaplains or in some cases if the severity of the matter is such by contacting police. All aspects on quality and diversity must be considered at all times and any issues must be kept confidential as the tutor has a duty of care to his/her students. As a railway assessor I am responsible for a class of up to 26 students as their supervisor/mentor it is my duty to inform the student of any relevant legislation and codes of practice. One of the first subjects covered is Health and Safety at Work Act (HASAWA) giving students information on company safety policies and information regarding fire and first aid. Week one of their initial six week course involves presentations and QA regarding legislation that is applicable to the railway such as COSHH (control of substances hazardous to health), RIDDOR (reporting of diseases dangerous occurrence Regs) as well as HAVS (hand arm vibration syndrome) Noise Regs, LOLER (lifting operations lifting equipment Regs), Railway Regs and manual handling. â€Å"Recording provides the platform from which teachers can base their reporting to others and is a mechanism for evaluating learning and teaching. (highlandschools) One of the most important roles of a teacher (and assessor) is record keeping. From day one it is my responsibility to start with a course register as the course progresses I am responsible for gathering evidence that students produce assessing it, evaluating it, marking it and keeping it filled away safely. Data protection is very important because as a teacher we deal with personal details. Part of my job entails collecting apprentice’s bank details and personal details this documentation needs to be collected and passed on to the wage department safely and securely. Weekly reports are carried out on each candidate this information must be kept in a secure location because any misuse could be detrimental to the welfare of students and break any trust built up between student and teacher. Keeping records is a very important reflexive tool for both teachers and learners. Accurate records taken throughout a course enables both teacher and students to continually reassess the effectiveness of the teaching/learning relationship by giving an ongoing measurement against what the candidate should be learning, what they have been taught, whether or not they are making progress and whether the structure of the lesson plan is sufficient or not. Indications on whether the student needs more additional help can also be highlighted. Holistic record keeping is beneficial as it can give an indication if there is external problems for example poor attendance may be due to a multitude of reasons and as a tutor this gives you an initial warning that there may be an underlying problem with this information you can then look deeper and begin to analyse behavioural patterns to identify whether or not there is any issue that might require the notification of other professional bodies. Keeping accurate records of candidates work is necessary for progress, monitoring student achievement, ability and skill through ongoing assessment is essential to track their progress with the additional constructive feedback helps teachers set realistic targets for the candidate to achieve. Once these targets are met the end product is passed on to the awarding bodies for certification. My personal interpretation is that the role of a teacher is a very varied and flexible one. Structured by lesson plans and course criteria the simple fact that individual students can be so diverse due to background, ability, age, and motive for learning makes the role of a teacher unique each and every day. It is my opinion that there is a great responsibility of a tutor to pass on knowledge in a positive and passionate way, the tutor creates his/her own environment for learning and in that environment all the needs of the learner should be met. The teacher should be able to relate to individuals to develop a good personal teaching relationship and to understand what gets the best results out of each student to maximise learning outcome.

Oedipus the king the poem

Oedipus the king the poem The poem was written in ancient period and it highly reflects the value and beliefs in the ancient period. The poem starts by Priest of Zeus and his followers appearing to the King Oedipus with tree branches woolen wrapped. This shows cultural belief of appearing before the gods alter when you want your needs attended to by the goods. The priests talks on behalf of his followers and explains to the king about the outbreak of a plague in the society that is killing plants, animals and human as well. However, King Oedipus heard them and explained to them that he had sent his brother in law, Creon, to the oracle which belonged to god Appolo at Delhi so as to get answer for to the solution of the plague. Afterwards Creon arrived and since he was bringing good news he had worn laurel leaves with berries around his head. Appolo said that plague was to end after the killer of Laius is found and killed and Appolo had promised that serious investigations would reveal the murderer. However, this was bad news for the king. Ironically, asked to review the facts. All that was known at the time was the Laius had left for Delphi never to return. There was to be no investigation immediately because of the sphinx problem. There is one of Laiuss men who escaped and ran back to Thebes and on arriving he found Oedipus in the process of being hailed as a king. This made him to keep the secret with him since the killing Oedipus was the master planner for the killing. The witness just said that Laius was killed by robbers who attacked his chariot along the way. The witness because of fear for his life asked for a transfer from Thebes and he went away ever since. However, ordinary people because of desperation said that Apollo ought to come to Thebes and say who the killers were. This is because people never had faith on the investigations of their king and thought that only a foreigner who is powerful than their king who could bring justice to their land. Oedipus to his defense told them that nobody has power to tell gods to do what they do not want to. Later, they suggested that they bring Teiresias who was a blind psychic to carry out the investigations. He was believed that when he was a young man, he ran to magic snakes which changed his gender for seven years and this was to enable him tell which gender enjoyed sex more compared to the other. This was said to have been a secret only known by gods who ended up punishing him with permanent blindness. This explains how people believed in superstitious powers and feared their anger actions. (Lawall,45) In conclusion the poem about Oedipus the king has a thematic meaning that reflects culture and beliefs of the ancient period. First, the ancient period is seen as the era of psyches and superstitious powers. The society believed in prophesies form gods regardless of their morality status and their realization is seen as to never tarnishing someones reputation. In the poem Oedipus feels guilty for his deeds but to the society this has been prophesied that that could have granted him self-defense. Second, the kingdom was dictatorial and highly immune to justice. Poet says that society was turning a blind eye to the faults of the king. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight The poem on Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is romance poem which was written in the middle Ages in late 14th century. This poem represents values and beliefs of middle ages in a big way. The poem illustrates the role of a man in the society. A man was to perform certain things, have a particular look, and act in a particular fashion. Some of behaviors which demonstrated masculinity included battle, sexual activity and pleasing ladies with deeds and words. These demonstrations appeared somehow as Christianized shadows of Gallo-Celtic ideals of heroism and godhood. In the poem Christianity stands strongly against heroic ideals and poet describes its passage in the period. In the testing Fits, the third Fit illustrates how Gawain gets involved in a game with Lord Bertilak who was the castles lord in which stayed awaiting the confrontation between him and the Green knight. They traded for three days he stayed inside the castle, what they gained during the day. He did not realize, though, that that the game was a part of Green Knights tests against him. The first two days, the game proceeded well, with Bertilak being the meat deliverer, and Gawain delivering the kisses Lady Bertilak bestowed upon him faithfully. In the third day, Gawain was trading the Ladys kisses for Bertilaks fox meat, but not girdle she had earlier given him, because he had vowed to her that he would not. This happened to be Gawains only mistake, as we see in the Fourth Fitt. Which concludes his trials when he faced off against the green knight for what he was thinking was the second time, but later discovered it was the third. In Gawains meetings with Green Knight, it is noted that two of the three trials were also the three part trials unto them. These were the three nights which were in the castle, and the three blows with an axe at the end. The sets of the three were considered to be magical in nearly every culture of the world, because they usually were the representatives of a basic family unit. However it was strange that there were to be only two sets of the three sub-trials instead of three, which required that I might have missed something in the first fitt, but I could not have found even a hint that trial of beheading the Green Knight had three divisional parts. In the last trial, Green Knight swung for three times at Gawains neck and finally nicking him during the third swipe. By having given the three blows, Green Knight revealed that he was Bertilak, and explained to Gawain that each blow was representing every night spent in the castle. Gawains only mistake was not that of mentioning the girdle to Bertilak, for which he had been nicked with the axe. Gawain would not accept that he had passed the three tests, and that, in Bertilaks eyes, was even a further proof that he had passed. Gawains perfect honesty and humility rendered him worthy to receiving wisdom that Bertilak had to offer. Nature verses the human society appears as the main conflict in the poem by which Gawain had to deal with during his time. He was had to confront the forces of nature which were against him. These natural forces were in the form of Green Knight, sexual desires, winter landscape, and ultimately, fear of dying. Throughout his life Gawain countered this with faith in God and chivalric values he had. But in the end, fear of death he has overcomes his senses of morality and led him to accepting that green girdle. This poem is enriched with constructs descriptions of human, like architecture, food armor, clothing and the cutting of hunted deer. This implies that there was a ritualistic, overly technical in-depth sense to those descriptions. There are areas where poet seems to be hinting at power of those human constructs. For instance, concept of Courtly Love is one such an elaborate of human construction, but in the third fitt, it is based mainly on the conversation between Gawain and Lady Bertilak. Despite the poems Christian message, it has strong roots to the Celtic myth of paganism. There exist many elements that are common to pre-Christian Celtic mythology; such include the waiting the period which runs for twelve months and a one day, beheading, and temptation game. The Green Knight is himself seen to be a strong pagan, similar to Green Man or Woods Wild Man who symbolized fertility in folklore. Gawains journey cannot be seen as a heros archetypical encounter with the otherworld, which is an essential theme in paganism belief. The pentangle is a pagan symbol; thus Gawains shield, represents pagan and Christian nature of the poem. (Mills,56) In conclusion, thematic meaning of the poem mainly describes the fall of men and loss of innocence. This shows how leaders in the middle age period faced many challenges most of whom lied under human character. Biblical parallels are found in the turning up of Bertilaks castle and role of his wife as a temptress. Accordingly, Gawain lost moral innocence when his chivalric value system is shattered off by the end of poem. An allegory as such seems to be emphasizing more on the poets message of Christianity, and relationship between the divine and mankind. The Paradise lost The poem was written in 16th century. It is about Adam and his wife Eve- how they were created by God, given the Garden of Eden, the Paradise, and how they lost it. The poet, Milton, is seen to have taken the story from the bible in the book of Genesis and expanded on the same. The poem also has the story about the origin of Satan who was originally called Lucifer. Lucifer is seen as an angel in heaven who tries to lead his followers against God and is sent into hell. He plans a revenge attack against God and thirst for revenge made him to cause mans downfall by tempting the wife of Adam. He turned into a serpent and tempted eve to eat the forbidden fruit which angered God and made him through man away from the paradise. The poem starts in hell, here Satan and his angles are recovering from a tragedy defeated they conceded in away they had waged against God. They opted to build a paradise which would serve as a meeting place as they plan to return to the battle. Instead they decided to go to a new world which is said to have been created. This reflects the nature of human in architectural development and innovation since Satan and his angels were eager to go and explore the new world said to have been created. Satan goes to explore the new world. At the exit door of hell is met by Sin and Death who restricts his exit. He uses another tough journey through chaos until he gets into new world. God sees his approach sand foretells the failure of man. His son offers to sacrifice himself for the salvation of man. This reflects the belief of the people of this period where they believed that Gods son offered to sacrifice himself for the salvation of man. Adam and his wife fell into Satans temptations and God sent them away from the Paradise. (Bradford,78) In conclusion, the poet was trying to explain the origin of mans failure to the people of the Renaissance period. This is the period in which art, architectural work and landscaping had started taking course in the world. The poem shoes God as the first creator or builder of objects where Satan told followers that there is anew world which has been created and poet views the world as the den of sins since it is where Satan carried out revenge attack against God.

The Costs of Racism Essay -- Essays Papers

The Costs of Racism The Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary defines racism as â€Å"a belief that race is the primary determinant of human traits and capacities and that racial differences produce an inherent superiority of a particular race.† Racism is one of the deepest stains on the pages of American history. What began as feelings among whites of being superior to blacks turned into possibly the worst phenomenon the United States ever dealt with. Even 100 years after Abraham Lincoln signed the Emancipation Proclamation, many white people were still treating blacks atrociously. It took many decades before blacks were granted truly equal rights that white Americans were given. In Anne Moody’s autobiography, Coming of Age in Mississippi, she discusses growing up in Mississippi. She writes about her memories of childhood, high school, college, and finally her courageous work in the civil rights movement during the 1960s. Moody offers readers a startling and remarkable story of he r life. She also gives great insight into the effects of racism on the victims of it, on those who practice it, and the effects on American society. The effects of racism on the victims differed depending on age and whether or not a person would withstand the abuse. Moody makes these connections in her book by realizing that when the civil rights movement picked up in the 1960s, older blacks usually remained dormant and never stood up for themselves by speaking out against the abuse they received. In contrast, younger black Americans, notably teenagers, were more likely to be fearless and take part in the Movement. This theme can be seen throughout the whole book, from when Anne was a young girl and never understood why her mother co... ...any whites could have believed so strongly that blacks were inferior to them, so mediocre that they would treat them like animals and murder them in cold blood. But this is a problem that still occurs today, though in a lesser form, and it is important to study our past in effort to keep from repeating the mistakes of our ancestors. By reading things such as Anne Moody’s autobiography, we can get an inside view into what really took place in the South, and we can be inspired by people like Moody who stood up to it. The negativities of racism against blacks taught us important lessons about ethics and how humans should treat each other because we can see the effects it had on people less than 50 years ago. And if we learn from the mistakes of our ancestors and move away from their supremacist ideals, then as the freedom song in Coming of Age goes, â€Å"we shall overcome.†

American Dream Lost in F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby :: The Great Gatsby

American Dream Lost - Gatsby as a Social Commentary on American Life The Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald, has been celebrated as one of the greatest, if not the greatest American novel.   Yet this is ironic for the society which has so hailed the book is precisely that which is criticized throughout it.   Politically, the American dream was a foundation of ideals and hopes for any and every American individual.   Specifically, one of the ideals was an American dream free of class distinction; that every person has the opportunity to be whomever they hope to be.   In a sort of Cinderella-like fashion, it is in essence an ideal of social mobility and freedom.   The social reality, however, is far more cruel.   Because of the harsh truth of social America, by way of its pretentiousness and decadence, the American dream is lost.   Through Nick’s honest and poignant observation, the parallel lives of Myrtle Wilson and Jay Gatsby reflect The Great Gatsby as a social commentary about the polluted American Dream.   Myrtle is that infamous model of how the political and social ideals of America conflict so that the American dream becomes a nightmare.   Contrary to the naivete the American dream, there are indeed fine class distinctions.   With them comes certain social boundaries.   In a sense, it is almost as if there are unspoken sumptuary laws understood by low and high classed individuals alike.   Myrtle Wilson is no exception. Instead of abiding by them, Myrtle, who represents the low and ignorant class of America, tried to break the social barriers and thus pursues wealth by any means necessary.   Using her sexuality and vulgar mien, she becomes false for abandoning and dismissing her own social foundation, and like Nick, we as readers are repulsed by her grotesque approach to entering the rich class.   At one point, and quite humorously to the knowing onlooker, Myrtle complains about a service done for her that was so expensive that "when she gave [Myrtle] the bill you’d of thought she had [her] appendicitus out" (35).   Obviously misusing her wording, it is comical only because she is trying so hard to fit into the snobbish upper class persona, and failing miserably.   Her rudeness becomes more apparent when she "rejected the compliment [about her dress] by raising her eyebrow in disdain" (35).   She is so false in her manner that Nick observes that she "had changed her costume†¦and was now attired in an elaborate afternoon dress" (35).

Consequently Mayflower

There were several dfferent classes of people who settled in the colonies of North America. They all experienced hardships along the way, though some experiences were milder than others. One perspective of someone who had a decent experience. was William Bradford. He was one of the leaders among the group of religious, freedom-seeking people, called Pilgrims, who arrived in America on the Mayflower. Their trip was not as smooth as It seemed though. Their ship had gotten off-course several times, as a result of the violent storms that took place.Consequently, in spite f the patent (which had originally granted them to settle in Virginia), they ended up settling their colony in what they called Plymouth (Massachusetts). This lead to a series of conflicts between the group of land-seeking people and the religious people. The land-seeking people argued that they were not bound by the terms of the patent, and thus no one had the power to control them. As a compromise, Bradford and the oth er leaders created an agreement called the Mayflower Compact, which stated that members of the colony had to form a civic body politic, and obey by the laws for the good of the colony.Bradford later went on become governor of the Plymouth Colony. Another perspective, is of Olaudah Equiano, who served as an African slave and came to the America not by choice, but by force. Born in Africa to a village chief, Equiano was suppose to follow in his father's footsteps. However, at age 11 he was kidnapped and loaded Into a crowded slave ship with Inhumane conditions. After barely surviving the poor conditions of the trip, Equiano was first taken to the Barbados, and then to Virginia to work in a plantation. Less than a month later, he was sold to an English naval officer.After traveling the world as the man's servant for seven years, he was fortunate to have been able to buy his way out of slavery. HIS fate was lucky, compared to others who would, along with their children. never know freed om again. Lastly, a slightly better experience of settling in the colonies would be Matthew Lyon, who was one of the many indentured servants who voluntarily agreed to trade their freedom for a trip to America. Lyon was a fourteen year old at the time, but his intelligence allowed him to persuade the ship captain to say he was eighteen (through bribery), which lessened his service time to three- ears.However, because of his cleverness, he once again was able to shorten his service time. After a year of service, he convinced a farmer to give him two bulls, promlslng to pay off the debt when he was free. With the bulls now In his possession. he was then able to sell the bulls to his master in exchange for his freedom. From the on, he was free, and after working off the debt he owed the farmer, Lyon went on to first become a ironworker, then an officer in the army, and eventually, the legislator of Vermont.As you can see, there were many different types of people with a wide ange of pe rspectives, who settled in the colonies of North America. BY Pinklover1967 There were several different classes of people who settled in the colonies of North were milder than others. One perspective of someone who had a decent experience, Their trip was not as smooth as it seemed though. Their ship had gotten off-course 11 he was kidnapped and loaded into a crowded slave ship with inhumane slavery. His fate was lucky, compared to others who would, along with their children, promising to pay off the debt when he was free. With the bulls now in his possession,

Religion, Politics and Economy

Through the analysis of archaeological evidence and sources, historians are now able to gain insight into how society functioned in Pompeii and Herculaneum. Though several factors made up these societies, this essay will only examine three; religion local politics and economy to create a picture of how society was. The citizens of Pompeii and Herculaneum were very religious and believed everything in their lives was controlled by the gods. We can see the importance placed on religion from the ten temples in the area, some of which are the Temple Of Jupiter (Capitolium) and the Temple of Apollo.To be a ‘good Roman' pietas, reverence of the gods was required and was an integral part of the persona of any respected Roman. They worshipped many gods, primarily Graeco-Roman deities such as Mars (Aries) and Venus (Aphrodite). The temples had two functions – to house images and objects associated with the god and to be a place where rituals were carried out by priests to honour the gods. They were simply built and contained a statue of the deity which stood before an alter where an offering could be made.The Temple of Apollo on the left and the Temple of Jupiter on the right Gods were orshipped both in public and in the home. Cicero states ‘The most sacred, the most hallowed place on earth is the home of each and every citizen. There are his sacred hearth and his household gods, there the very centre of his worship, religion and domestic ritual. ‘ Most houses had small shrines called Lararia with small statues or painted images of the Lares (household gods who protect the home and family) or other household gods such as Vesta, the goddess of the hearth and Panates, guardian of the pantry.Some houses had images of a genius who was the spirit of the paterfamilias (master of the house). Lararium in the House of the Vetti, showing the Genius between two Lares Statuettes of Lares in House of the Golden Cupid With the spread of the Roman Empire came new foreign religions and cults which were generally tolerated. The Egyptian cult of Isis became popular and appealed especially to the poor and oppressed thanks to the promise of immortality and rebirth. After the earthquake of 62 A.D, the temple of Isis was rebuilt the most elaborately showing how much she was valued. Images of Isis and other Egyptian deities could also be found in homes. Dionysus, the Greek god of fertility and divine intoxication, was worshipped under the ame of Bacchus. A fresco found in the Villa of the Mysteries depicts him initiating members into his secret society. The worship of Mithras that originated is Persia was also common. The Temple of Isis The imperial cult transcended all other cults and the emperor offered every citizen the opportunity of worshipping him.Worship of the emperor was the most important as we can see through the Temple of Vespasian, the temple of Fortuna Augusta which housed a statue of Augustus and the forum which celebrated the imp erial glory through triumphal arches and statues. Altar at the temple of Vespasian ocal politics is shown by the number of political buildings in the forum including the Comitium (voting hall), Basilica, which was originally a law court but morphed into a meeting place for businessmen and politicians, and the three government offices.The electorate consisted of two Duumviri elected each year who has potestas (official power) and the responsibility to oversee revenues and taxation, preside over the town council and perform Judicial roles in court, two Aediles elected each year who were responsible for the care of temples, streets and public buildings and the olding of games, two Duumviri Quinqennales were chosen every five years which performed the same tasks as the Duumviri in addition to revising the citizenship and council roles, and a Prafectus lure Dicundo, who only had power in an emergency.There were various roles that were not accompanied by official political power but were still important. Being a member of the town council (curia), which consisted of eighty to one hundred members, was one such role. The members had influence within the community and needed dignitas and respect from other members before being appointed. A Roman with political ambitions would need to be a free, wealthy man who was driven, had a reputable family or made a good name for himself, have significant dignitas and auctoritas and have connections with those in higher ranking positions.Patrons assisted clients who sought political advancement in return for support in the election campaign. Women did not have the right to vote and weren't allowed to run for any of the political positions but despite these restrictions women could still have a large influence in society as they had â€Å"borrowed† auctoritas from the men in their family. Studies conducted by Frances Bernstein of the University of Maryland revealed that at least seventeen of the electoral notices show women who, with their husbands, were clients of candidates for office.On the wall of a Pompeian house, one Lollia, With her people', most probably her family, urged the election of Gaius Julius Polybius as duumvir, one of the chief magistrates. Most of the evidence for politics comes from inscriptions, graffiti and painted notices. Two thousand of these in Pompeii have been classified as electoral notices announcing support for a candidate and calling on the reader to vote for him. An example of this is â€Å"If upright living is considered any recommendation, Lucretius Fronto is well worthy of office† and Note for Lucious Popidius Sabinus; his grandmother worked hard for his last election†.The Amphitheatre at Pompeii is inscribed with a plaque stating the duumviri paid for it as a gift to the citizens and the statue of Marcus Balbus and memorial alter in the baths at Herculaneum suggest he funded the baths. The economies of Pompeii and Herculaneum were small and local, yet d iverse and successful due to their prime location on the sea and as Strabo recounted surrounded by the fertile volcanic soils of Mount Vesuvius. † A mosaic discovered in the House of Scaurus with the words ‘Profit is my Joy shows that they had enthusiasm for money making.The economies functioned by the circulation of money through businesses such as pistrina (bakeries), cauponae/taberna (inns/taverns), thermopolia (hot food bars) and fullonica (laundries). Jongman stated that â€Å"agricultural production was the largest contribution to the economy. † Trade was vital to create an income and to help the diverse economy flourish. Most of Pompeian imports and exports are deciphered through pottery. The analysis of these sources show that they imported Egypt and furniture from Naples. Evidence of exports comes from garum Jars found in France and wine amphorae in France, Spain, Germany and Africa.Jongman (2009) argues that fullonicas weren't a significant industry but contradictory to this Seneca indicates that 600 sheep died in the earthquake and 18 fullonicas were discovered including the House of the Wooden Partician in Herculaneum where a clothes press was found and the Guild of fullers in the Eumachia building. The fulleries were the clothes makers and cleaners of society and they performed multiple tasks including he processing of wool and the washing, cleaning, rinsing, dying and brushing of cloth. The Pompeian workshop sign of M.Vecilus Verecundus showed the process involved which included the washing of the wool in a combination of what was called fullers earth which consisted of earth, potash, carbonate of soda and urine, which was then trodden on by slaves and hung out to dry. One of the largest fullonicas found was the famous Fullery of Stephanus which was installed in a dwelling on the Via dell'Abbondanza. At the entrance was a machine for pressing tunics, a basin in the atrium and a previous peristyle now containing more basins for the dying rocess.Pots were placed outside the fullonicas and on street corners to collect urine from passer byes as the preferred camel urine was a luxury and costly item. In Pompeii and Herculaneum clothing represented status and keeping clothes clean was necessary to be presentable and maintain that status. Over thirty bakeries have been identified in Pompeii with ovens heated with vine branches. Bread was popular because most homes didn't have ovens and it wasn't expensive. Bakeries grinded grain on lava stone mills which would press it into flour. The flour was then mixed with water and set on tables for kneading.A mule or onkey turned the mill as we can see from donkey skeletons found in the mills of Herculaneum. Bread was usually sent to be sold in shops but not always as some bakeries had connecting shops and sold their own bread. An example of this is N. Popidius Priscus, who used his freedmen to run the Bakery of Modestus in which 81 loaves of bread were found from the day of the eruption. This bakery shows the economic connections between ex-slaves and the upper classes. Twenty five different pans were discovered at Sextus Patulcus Felix's shop in Herculaneum which provides evidence that a variety of cakes and breads were on offer.

Bread Making Time Line Essay

Depending on the type of yeast you are using the steps to making bread will vary. Using the basic bread dough recipe, this time line is based on using dry active yeast. I am also basing this time line on the straight dough method which is the direct method of making bread. STEP 1 To make your dough, your ingredients must be accurately measured and weighed as well as be the appropriate temperature. Wet ingredients are usually weighed rather than measured to guarantee the right amount is added. Humidity and heat can alter the amount of flour needed and therefore will also change the amount of liquid. For our basic dough recipe we need 4  ½ cups to 5 cups of bread flour. This would be weighed on a scale in ounces equaling 36 to 40 ounces. Keeping about  ¾ cup of flour to the side, 1 teaspoon of salt and  ½ cup of sugar is added to the remaining flour and mixed together. A tablespoon of Active Dry Yeast is dissolved in luke warm water and added to the mixed dry ingredients with 2 tablespoons of vegetable oil. It is imperative that the dough temperature be correct for proper yeast activation. The typical temperature for dough is around 77 degrees. To achieve the proper dough temperature you have to make sure your water is the right temperature. You wouldn’t take water direct from the tap. Assuming that our room temperature is 77 degrees and our mixer adds a 25 degree friction factor, then we want water that is around 61 degrees. We would add the 1 and  ¾ cups of water to our mixture slowly as to not make the dough to wet. If we were using other types of yeast we would either be directly adding the yeast, if instant, or we would soften compressed yeast until it is twice its weight before adding it to our mixture. STEP 2 Once we have added the water we now mix our dough in the mixer using a dough hook on low power until smooth, adding flour or water as needed for the property texture. After everything is mixed we would put the dough on a slab and kneed it until a ball is formed that is stretchy and holds together when pulled. The whole process should take about 10 minutes. STEP 3 Placing the dough in a container at least twice the size of the dough ball, the dough is left to rise. Rising is when the dough ferments and the yeast works to develop the sugar into alcohol and carbon dioxide. These gasses are what give bread texture and taste. As stated before, rise time will vary depending on room temperature and humidity, but usually takes from 1 to 3 hours. The dough is ready when it is double its original size and no longer springs back to the touch. STEP 4 Now we take the dough and give it a gentle work over. Punching it down, or folding it over itself, and reshaping the ball redistributes the gasses that were produced during the rise and re activates the yeast. Punching down also helps even out the temperature of the dough and gives the gluten a bit of a rest. We will let the dough rest for 10 minutes after punching it down. STEP 5 We will shape the dough into our loaf and let it sit until it doubles again. This is called proofing. During proofing additional heat and moisture are added to prevent the dough from drying out. This is can be done in a proofing cabinet or in a container that is covered with a warm moist towel. When making rolls or smaller portion loaves this step would be the time to do that. Each portion would be proofed to double its size. STEP 6 We will wash our doubled loaf with egg wash to give it sheen and color and bake at 400 degrees for 19 minutes. When the internal temperature is at least 185 degrees we can remove the loaf from the oven. During baking it is important to provide steam in the oven. This allows for a crisp crust and soft center. To add steam to a traditional oven you can spray the bread with water several times during baking or you can put a pan of water in the oven. STEP 7 Once the baking is done the bread is cooled on a rack to room temperature. We can store our finished bread on the counter or it can be frozen. We should not store our bread in the refrigerator because it gets stale faster. Though it may seem time consuming, baking your own bread has great rewards and a profound sense of accomplishment. You are guaranteed fresh rolls and bread at every meal and can even try different recipes without spending a lot of money.

The role of a MIDWIFE Essay

Supplying an effectual attention and support to the patient and for their babes during labour The Midwifes besides play a function during the postpartum period ( clip after birth ) . Such as ; Midwifes diagnose. proctor and examine adult females during gestation. Provide full antenatal attention including the showing trials in the infirmary. community and at place. Midwifes identify high risked gestations and they make referrals to physicians and other medical specializers. They arrange and provide parental and wellness instruction. They besides provide reding and advice and after testing trials. The holistic appraisal includes measuring the demands and penchants taken on by the professional by utilizing assessment tools and working closely with the person. Identifying current commissariats by the professional identifying the resources required to run into individual’s needs The Care program marks are made to be achieved and professional identifies an person that can back up and authorise the client by utilizing appropriate attention In a wellness and societal attention scenes. wellness attention professionals such as Midwifes hold an of import journal of their up-to-date agenda with their work rota’s and meetings with NHS professionals. Midwifes would enter of import information the service users would state them about their wellness and other medical issues during their gestation. With these recordings. the accoucheuses would hold shown their recordings from their journals. Guaranting that marks are met. The service user who is vulnerable would happen it really hard in working with excessively many professionals at the same clip. This can go really overpowering towards the service user. An single merely came out of operation and assorted professionals come and check up on you all the clip. The function of a Health attention helper Health attention helpers is involved in measuring a person’s needs when utilizing the services. and be aftering support for the person. a wellness attention adjunct coordinates and rede services user. The professional besides offer support if you need to speak about things. Health attention helpers can mention a service user to a physician in order to acquire his/her immunization up to day of the month. . this is done because the professional is doing certain the wellness attack of the service user is met and this shows that a wellness attention helper is involved in the support of the service user. A wellness attention helper programs support for a service user by assisting them with their demands and taking attention of personal responsibilities for an single. such as acquiring the individual up. washed and dressed. assisting with continency. altering bedclothes and emptying toilets. making wash. besides a wellness attention helper observe the repasts to do certain the servi ce user eats decently. taking medicine. supplying company and societal activities. and seting the individual to bed at dark. The support program of a wellness attention helper gives a service user outlines what occupations or undertakings are needed and who will transport out the support program of the service user. Personal histories is a holistic position that needs to be undertaken. This means that doing mentions to the service users medical jobs. The holistic appraisal includes measuring the demands and penchants taken on by the professional by utilizing assessment tools and working closely with the person. Identifying current commissariats by the professional identifying the resources required to run into individual’s demands. so the attention program marks are made to be achieved and professional identifies an person that can back up and authorise the client by utilizing appropriate attention and guaranting that marks are met. Therefore. a wellness attention helper would utilize this to assist the service user needs a topographic point to remain. so the service user would look at how the topographic point is fit for the service users. A checklist is an assessment procedure in which ensures that each standards in a wellness and societal attention puting is covered. For illustration. a wellness attention helper has a list of standards that they follow which is helpful during the initial appraisal procedure. It is indispensable that all relevant signifiers are completed to supply grounds of this information. For illustration. a wellness attention helper has a signifier where they provide the grounds that you are a qualified accoucheuse. In a wellness and societal attention scenes. wellness attention professional’s wellness attention helpers hold an of import journal of their up-to-date agenda with their work rota’s and meetings with other wellness attention professionals. Health attention helpers would maintain record of their meetings. so they could discourse issues and during these they record and pass it to other professionals to follow up on them. Health attention helpers would enter of import information the service users. Questions- in a wellness and societal attention scenes. wellness attention professionals use inquiries to assist them measure the service users. The wellness attention professionals use the inquiries to understand the different fortunes. in which besides requires a adept usage of oppugning. Records of incidents- this is at that place to do certain that monitoring and reviewing is undertaken. which is where the cardinal workers is advised to records incidents that had occurred in the wellness attention scenes. Observations- an observation is at that place to assist depict an individual’s behavioral forms. they besides observe attention accomplishments at a medical state of affairs at the persons. The function of nurse The functions and duties required of a nurse are ; supplying information. advice and reding to patients identified with sexually transmitted infection. They play an of import function in assisting the patient recognise and pull off their status. They have a non-judgemental attack towards patients. They are besides able to work closely with a scope of public. private and voluntary associations. Checklist- A checklist is an assessment procedure in which ensures that each standards in a wellness and societal attention puting is covered. For illustration. a sexual wellness adviser has a list of standards that they follow which is helpful during the initial appraisal procedure. Forms- it is indispensable that all relevant signifiers are completed to supply grounds of this information. For illustration. midwives has a signifier where they provide the grounds that you are a qualified accoucheuse. Diary- In a wellness and societal attention scenes. wellness attention professionals such as Mi dwifes hold an of import journal of their up-to-date agenda with their work rota’s and meetings with NHS professionals. Sexual wellness adviser would enter the proceedingss of their meetings. so they could discourse issues and during these they record and pass the proceedingss to other professionals to follow up on them. Sexual wellness advisers would enter of import information the service users would state them about their wellness and other medical issues during their gestation period. Furthermore. with these recordings. the sexual wellness advisers would hold shown their recordings from their journals to NICE = ( National Institutes of Clinical Excellence ) . Questions- in a wellness and societal attention scenes. wellness attention professionals use inquiries to assist them measure the service users. The wellness attention professionals use the inquiries to understand the different fortunes. in which besides requires a adept usage of oppugning. Records of incidents- this is at that place to do certain that monitoring and reviewing is undertaken. which is where the cardinal workers is advised to records incidents that had occurred in the wellness attention scenes. Observations- an observation is at that place to assist depict an individual’s behavioral forms. they besides observe attention accomplishments at a medical state of affairs at the persons. Personal histories is a holistic position that needs to be undertaken. This means that doing mentions to old medical jobs. The holistic appraisal includes measuring the demands and penchants taken on by the professional by utilizing assessment tools and working closely with the person. Identifying current commissariats by the professional identifying the resources required to run into individual’s demands. so the attention program marks are made to be achieved and professional identifies an person that can back up and authorise the client by utilizing appropriate a ttention and guaranting that marks are met. Distinction criteria- In a wellness and societal attention scenes there could be issues that could originate when many wellness attention professionals work together on a patient. these could be on. the professionals could hold miscommunication with sending and having information from a professional. for illustration the professionals manus authorship can be hard to understand. Besides. from my unit 1 miscommunication include a usage of particular nomenclature such as slang. informal. rushed and careless interaction during had-off or transportation. including at hospital discharge. and a deficiency of coordination of attention. This is due to the signifier of communicating they use checklists. This provides a predictable construction sing patient fortunes. This means that the professional understands the patient’s needs that the professional would necessitate to be inform of. For illustration in a wellness and societal attention puting a service user was referred and admitted by a attention professional for rating. During the clip in infirmary the patient was found to hold type 2 diabetes. which was already in his household hence biological. The patient was referred to a dietician and put on a rigorous diet. Two yearss after admittance the patient got discharge. The patient was instructed to name her primary attention doctor for followup of the diabetes. No direct communicating was made with the primary attention doctor about the rating occurred. and the patient subsequently indicated she did non understand what was required by the professional. Therefore. this shows that there was a deficiency of communicating with both the professionals and service users. This could impact the service user as the service user would happen it difficult to understand what is go oning to her wellness. Most professionals don’t give plenty inside informations that the patients need to cognize about their symptoms. This is due to a deficiency of miscommunication within two wellness professionals. This could be due to one professional thought that they are better than the other professional so they would non pass on good towards the other professional. Some professionals feel more intelligent than other professionals. this suggest that the hierarchy is shown in a professional scenes. For illustration. struggle of information of the attention professionals such as nurses and physicians could go through on different information to the patients and most likely the physician would non hold with the information the nurses would desire to go through on to the patient which could do the patients experience disempowered as they have no say about their wellness. This could do them to desire to withdraw from the professionals.

Arguing The Ethics Of Abortion Philosophy Essay

Arguing The Ethics Of Abortion Philosophy Essay According to Don Marquis, the majority of abortions are seriously immoral and should fall under the same moral category as killing innocent human adults. His central argument revolves around the idea that it is prima facie wrong to kill adult humans because doing so results in the victim’s loss of the value of its future. He concludes that it is therefore prima facie wrong to kill fetuses because it also results in a loss of a valuable â€Å"future life like ours.† However, Judith Thompson and Margaret Little are able to provide more reasonable arguments for what should be considered the most important factor in deciding how to deal with abortion. They may be more open-minded to abortion but do not feel as though abortion should always be permissible. After considering each argument, I have found that a woman’s right to have an abortion is determined by each situation and is simply a choice-which should not be taken lightly-that should be made solely by a pregna nt woman. Marquis simply fails to recognize that a woman has rights that can make abortion morally permissible upon declining to continue the extremely intimate period of gestation. Unlike Marquis, I believe abortion is not impermissible yet not always permissible either. Upon thorough inspection, I have found some flaws in Marquis’ argument. Marquis tries to argue that â€Å"personhood† is not the moral category in question with regards to the moral permissibility of abortion. But he claims that someone (the fetus) has a future like ours and therefore should not be deprived of such future. If personhood is irrelevant, then it is unclear that there actually is someone (a person) who can be deprived of such things. At one point Marquis even says that morally permissible abortions would be rare under his argument-unless they occurred early enough in pregnancy when a fetus is not yet a definite â€Å"individual.† So, is personhood important to him or not? What does he mean by â€Å"individual†? Further complications ensue from his argument. In addition to assuming that a fetus is not a person yet still has a right to life because with their death comes a deprivation of a future like ours, people who use Marquis’ argument could then argue that it is wrong to â€Å"kill† fertilized, but not yet implanted, eggs. Is it then wrong to use contraceptives because possible egg and sperm pairs (zygotes) are prevented from having a future like ours? Marquis says that the immorality of contraception cannot be argued for with his â€Å"future-like-ours† analysis because there is no identifiable subject that can suffer this loss. However, neither the potential person (fetus with a future-like-ours) or the possible person (zygote prevented by contraception) actually exist. Because of this, it becomes difficult to understand how a potential person can be a subject of harm anymore than a possible person can. Therefore, the question of existence is being asked here because it seems as if potential persons (and their futures alike) are only possible things, not actual existing things. If this is so, then is there really a subject of harm?

Teleradiology Biology Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Teleradiology Biology - Term Paper Example As we advance in an era run by technology, teleradiology seems to be an emerging trend and hope for radiologist. Statistics today indicate that there are many people in developed countries are using teleradiology as compared to people in developing countries (Louise 2). In as much as people become tempted in using this form of radiology to get interpretations of radiological images, it is also risky as it will be discussed below in the text. Teleradiology is proving to be a useful and a developing field in diagnostic medicine and radiology. People far away can be able to get their radiological images interpreted in time in order to make clinical decision on patients (Louise 4). An excellent example could be radiological images being sent from a local Japanese hospital for interpretation in a U.S based hospital. Distance between a radiologist and a patient is greatly reduced by the use of teleradiology and many patients appreciate its use. Many a times, teleradiology serves the purpos e of technology well since it makes works easy for the people doing them. In as much as they reduce distance fee, at times they cannot be trusted. Tele-radiology has a number of advantages. First, people who used accept that it is cost effective. Imagine sending an X-ray, MRI or a CT scan to a radiologist expert in India from USA via a mailing company. Such images would reach a day or so late and might not be quite useful on interpretation. Teleradiology is not hampered by physical barriers as contrasted transportation. In transportation, many personnel handle your image and may even be subjected to loss or damage. With Teleradiology, one is always assured that the image reaches the way it was produced (Kumar & Krupinski 6). Teleradiology is proving to a faster and most affordable means to have radiological images interpreted in areas where a big geographical gap exists between two radiologists. In the end, one spends and risks less while using teleradiology. Furthermore, teleradiol ogy can provided faster diagnosis in emergency situations. In places where radiologists are not familiar with a given radiological image, they can use teleradiology to get an impression of what their image convey. Such information can be critical while managing emergency patients where specialized radiologists are lacking. Take for instance a woman who whose brain MRI scan is supposed to be interpreted by a specialists so as a clinical decision be made on how to manage her. With teleradiology, information on her diagnosis and management can be discussed immediately (James, Mangelsdorff & Parker 7). Teleradiology can also be used in distributing radiological services to people. These days, teleradiology is becoming a necessity in many heath facilities. These institutions sell their services of interpreting radiological images to needy hospitals (James, Mangelsdorff & Parker 12). In most cases, small hospitals usually lack specialized radiologists to interpret images, thereby turning to teleradiology as an alternative. In addition, hospitals dealing with complex problems sometimes use teleradiology to get correct diagnosis of various conditions. Some hospitals usually lack the necessary personnel to interpret radiological images, hence, through teleradiology; they are able to access radiological specialists elsewhere (James, Mangelsdorff & Parker 7). Poorly equipped medical facilities have been able to link up with technologically advanced hospitals to help them make clinical judgement based

Computing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Computing - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that the field of computer science deals with the idea of computability theory which looks at mathematical and logical problems by examining their solvability. In essence, it examines if a problem can be positively handled by a logic machine or not. In even simpler terms, computability theory works at the very limits of computing power so while we can expect computers today to be very powerful and complex machines; there are certain limits to the problems they can solve. In certain situations, computability theory suggests that specialized computers might be required for solving specific kinds of problems.   The theory, of course, would depend on our own definition of a computer and how a computer operates depending on its language and coding principles. Computability theory considers various models of computers but the three most popular ones are: Finite State Machine Pushdown Automaton System Turning Machine The Finite State Machine is the most common computer machine model which is available to us. It has also been suggested that this is the only theoretical computer model which is realistically possible and all present computers are based more or less on this machine. This computer has a set of predefined states and methods by which transitions can take place from one state to the other. In certain situations, the computer can accept data while in others it is used to output information of some kind. A common desktop computer can be used as a good example of this machine type.

Challenges in the Global Business Environment Essay - 5

Challenges in the Global Business Environment - Essay Example st, antibribery, international trade and antiboycott laws, government affairs and political involvement, operational excellence, competition laws, data privacy, information protection and intellectual property. The role and responsibility of Chevron include following the code of ethics. Chevron expects its employees and the whole Chevron community to be aware of their level of authority. This understanding helps everyone act within the limits. This approach helps to avoid conflicts over authority and hence improves the efficiency. In the event that any Chevron worker is not sure on what to do, it is at his or her mandate to seek guidance from the supervisors, managers or any other department within Chevron that has been mandated to provide guidance. Seeking guidance helps maintain Chevron high standards through making sure that employees are aware on their roles. Every employee of Chevron has a mandate to comply with Chevron codes of conduct (Chevron Corporation, 2014). Failure to do so leads to disciplinary actions. Discipline improves the image of Chevron as compliance with the law improves productivity and efficiency of workers. Within this code is the responsibility of every employee t o report a possible violation. The reporting of a possible violation that could lead to damage of Chevron reputation helps avert this predicament and build on loopholes that may lead to a similar wake. Chevron undertakes the Non-retaliation policy. Chevron does not retaliate on information provided by any employee in good faith (Chevron Corporation, 2014). Similarly, Chevron adopts a code of ethics regarding employees in specific. Chevron has invested in many parts of the world. It employs employees from all lifestyles. As such, Chevron respects diversity and it values the diverse cultures presented by its employees. It also provides equal opportunities to all. As such, Chevron avoids any form of discrimination in its providence of work opportunities and working conditions.

Planning on research on Inclusive Education Essay

Planning on research on Inclusive Education - Essay Example Inclusive education can include a number of strategies. Most of the research on this topic focuses on; global movements, laws on inclusive education within and without a given country, resources, deconstruction of special schools, sources of funding for inclusive schools and other ideas that may boost the development of Inclusive education. There are various global movements that have worked towards the inclusion of the pupils with special educational needs. Schooling of these pupils with special educational needs has changed from neglect previously to integration presently. Global movement is taking part in the African countries, the Asian countries the European countries and also in the South American countries. In the United Kingdom there is a very strong policy framework which is based on the inclusive principles and values together with additional funding. Similarly the movements have allowed the pupils with the special educational disabilities to understand their needs well and this has enabled them learn to live in a world that is full of differences. This movement has a global dimension whereby there is a connection between the various countries globally and this has spurred a commitment by various countries to set their national targets for the pupils with special educational needs. (Norwich, 1994) Special schools have been in place since the days of old. ... In the year 2001, there were close to sixty one percent of children with special needs that were placed in mainstream schools this was an increase of five percent from the mid nineties. Besides, there was a seven percent decrease of special schools in the UK. Staff working in these special schools also reduced by close to eleven percent in that same year. However, more still needs to be done as there is still a large portion of the education system that has not included children with special needs in their program. Laws have also been regulated towards the realization of this agenda. In the UK, there have been a number of laws that have been passed that worked towards implementation of inclusive education. There were acts that were passed in the year 1986, 1993 and 1996. All these acts placed emphasis on the fact that children with special needs should be given the right to attend mainstream schools if their parents allow it and if there is a provision for them in that institution. In the year 1998 and 1997, the Government made publications specifically relating to children with special needs. Here, they addressed plans that would assist in this inclusion program. There were a number of newsletters written by the government concerning inclusive education at that same time. Later on, a special education needs and disability act was passed that reinforced special children's entitlement to mainstream schooling. An exception was provided if the child would cause very serious impairment to education in the classroom or if their parents did not allow it. (The Children Act 2004, 2004) It has been found that there is a lack of funding towards this form of

Atermath of Katrina, Returning to a Workplace Essay

Atermath of Katrina, Returning to a Workplace - Essay Example My primary concern as an Industrial Hygienist deputed to clean up the hospital in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina would be to prevent or control the spread of infectious diseases such as diarrhea, flu, cold and TB. Because as evidence from similar natural catastrophes suggests, the people returning to New Orleans are likely to suffer from these diseases in the immediate aftermath of Katrina. Gastroenteritis is also likely to be prevalent. Hence I would order my team and also avail of services from other disaster relief personnel and design an basic hygiene awareness program for the hospital. For example, proper hand-washing techniques will be demonstrated to all concerned. Along with practical demonstrations, I would make posters, fliers and email postings to reiterate the proper technique of hand washing. I would place bottles of Gel hand sanitizers at important access points within the hospital. Other infectious diseases that I would try to prevent or control include rashes and skin infections. Once any of these diseases is identified in the surrounding population, it is imperative that diseased individuals are separated from the crowd so as to stop further spread. All the beds and chairs within the hospital will be scanned for fomites. It is advisable to remove soiled cots, mattresses and bed spreads from the premises. (Chew, et. al, 2006) I would also be concerned about the mold and endotoxin levels in the hospital environment. I will involve the two technicians in my team to bring samples and perform tests for ascertaining mold and endotoxin levels. It is imperative that they wear Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) such as respirators. The advice would be to wear elastomeric respirators. Alongside mold and endotoxin level measurement, I would implement the process of deconstruction, which entails removal of soiled and muddied carpets, removal of

Leadership - leadership versus followership Essay

Leadership - leadership versus followership - Essay Example Bad Leader believes that employees working under him are basically lazy and the work, assigned to them, is distasteful to them. They assume that people are motivated by money. Leaders with bad leadership traits normally or wrongly assume that there must be very detailed work routines and enforced milestones to ensure that every work gets done. According to Allio, a bad leader apart from failing both professionally as well as personally, would destruct the organizations and regrettably the employees and the shareholders A good leader must be tough enough to win a fight, but not tough enough to kick a man when he is down. They find strategies to increase the owners fund, encourage change in the wrong direction rather than resisting it. Further they influence their subordinate in a negative rather than coerce them into a positive path. The Bad leaders are corrupt, misguided and have disregard for the stakeholders. They bring disrepute to the organization and are painful to the employees. Dean B McFarlin & Paul D Sweeney in their book â€Å"Where EGOS Dare-The Untold Truth about Narcissistic Leaders & how to Survive them† defines Narcissistic Leaders as the ones who are fundamentally, insecure individuals who will crave adoration and will act in a negative way to get adoration, eventually only getting negative adoratio n. They compensate by projecting an inflated sense of self worth & competence to those around them. The next important point raised by Allio in the article is that, most leaders start as visionaries having great ideals to lead the organization into high growth. They exhibit high integrity and they take the right path to retain the idealism for what they had dreamt of in the beginning. However, the environmental and resource constraints influences idealism and they become practical and think of alternative ideas. They start of in a big way but when their plans fail to deliver, they take wrong decisions